Combination pliers



Apr. 24, 1923. 1,452,642

F. J.- KEATING l COMBINATION PLIERS Filed April 6. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l gvwentor Fvavgk J. Kecdinn] Apr. 24, 1923. Y 1,452,642 v F. J. KEATING COMBINATION PLIERS Filed April y6. 1921 2y sheetsfsae Patented pr. 2K4, i923.,v

unirse rss ASLMZ raiser orner.

FRANK J. Kaserne, or ROCHESTER, New YORK.

f 'l COMBINATION Primas.

Appiicationpnied ,april e,

To all whom 'it may concern Be it known. that l. FRANK J. HEATING,

a citizen ot' the United States, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Combina tion Pliers, of which the ollowingis a specication.

. the section beingtaken onthe'linexfy of Fig: 6.

rllhe object of this invention is. toprovide new and improved pliers-'in which the teef' tures of the variable fulcrum center or slip joint pliers are combined with those of aV Fig; 3 is a bottom plan view of the pliers as illustrated-in-Fig. 2,*viewing the pliers from below in the direction vindicated by the arrow. y 7

Fig. 4- is a sectionalviewwof `the pliers, the section being taken on the line 4*-4* of Fig. 3.

- Fig. v51s a side elevationof the kpliersin their opened position when the jaws oit-,the pliers have been movedv apart to? increase the capacity thereof. f

Fig. '6; is a bottomiplan view of the pliers in theposition shown in Fig. 5,4 looking in the direction oi'l the arrow.

Fig. 7' is a sectional view of the the. vsection being taken on the) line of-Fig.6.- n

Fig.v 8 is aV sectional view of .the pliers,

are

Fig. 9: isa detailperspective view 'of the pivot studfof thev combination pliers.

In the several iiguresfof the, drawlng,.1ike reference numerals-indicate like'parts..`

The pliers', forming-'the subject matter ot'v this invention, comprise? aI combinationy fof the well=lznowny type of pliers-in which the vfulcrum of? the j aws: can `be shiftedA in; order to increase or decrease the spanningcapacity thereo and, that of: cuttlng pliers thereon.

1921. Lserial ivo. 459,145.

used `for cutting wire, etc'., in which compoundy leverage is applied to the cutting jaws. For this purpose, the pliers are made up of three levers that 4are fulcrumed with relation to oneanother in order ,toy perform the function assigned lto them.

The lever l` is fulcrumed onthestud 2 with thehandle 3 tormedonone end lthereof and the cutting jaw 4 formed at the" other end thereof. The upper end of the Ilever- 1,thrul which the stud 2 is adapted t0 pass, isv biturca'ted and eachoffthe sides oli-'the bifurcation'has slot 5 provided therein. The stud 2pa'sses from the slot 5 i 'en one side of the bifurcated end ofthe 'lever Il thru the slot 4at the other side' thereof and in doing so, spans the bifurcation'. The lever.`6 isy mounted in ythe bifurcation of the lever l and the stud l2 passes thru the hole Z provided therein. The stud 2, which is illustrated in detail in Fig. 9, is'forined by a cylindrical shank' 8 of which two`di` agonally opposite ysides are flattened so as to veinrage the hole? without turningt'herein. ln this wav, the stud ishheldstationary in the lever 6. At oneend of the 'stud 2 is formedy the circular heard 9, which projects into the slot 5 on one side' of .thebifurcated end of the'lever l. Each of the slots 5 is e 1 decreased in width at the' inner side thereof..

b v a suitable flange lO'and this flange adapted to hold the: head 9 in place on the slot- 5 andy prevent the stud from .being dis-pj I. engaged therefrom'. At the end of the ,stud i opposite tol th-at'o'f the head 9, the studt is reduced in diameter to form a shoulder' 1,1 A washer l2-eis mounted on'th'is shoulder 1n .order totorin 'a second head is adapted to 'engage' into' the slot(y 5'y in the other side of the ybifurcat'ed end of the lever l. lvided in the other rslot. 5 is provided to oni theopposite end `of 'the stud, which head- 3' A liange similar to the one prohold the head formedbythe washer `12 kin i place in the slot.- The washer, in-,turn'g is held in placeon thev st'udby meansrofthe nut 13 threaded to the/"end of' the stud 2.

The, head 9^ and the washer 'l2k arel provided i for the purpose of forming large' circular 1"" bearings for the levers to rock on. r`These bearings engage the'l rounded endsifotth'e slot 5 in orderto provide'as lar'gefabearing surface as possibleltherewith.

The fing@v io of. @ich ,of `uit sietsyis` 5 and thus permit the sliding of the studv vfrom one end of the slot to the other end thereof. After the stud has been shifted, the levers 1 and 6 are again in a position in which they can be rocked with relation to each other because the-slots are widened at each end to permit `the turning of the Y shank of the stud 2. In shifting the stud 2 from one end of the slot to the other end thereof,y thefulcrum around which the levers 1 and 6 are rocked, is moved so as to increase or decrease the spanning` capacity of the jaws provided on the upper end of each of thelevers 1 and 6. Thus, when the stud is located in the left-hand `end yof the slot, t-he pliers can be opened to the position shown in Fig. 2, and when the stud, is moved tothe right-hand end. of the slot, the pliers can be opened to the position shown in 5. l

On-the upper end of the lever 6 is formed the clamping jaw 14, on .the inner side of which are provided 'suitable teeth for kthe purpose of engaging the stock to be held therewith. In addition to the teeth, the jaws are also provided with a pin-pulling attach- Y ment which consists of a tapered groove 17A and 14-A formed below and parallel to the set of teeth on each of the jaws. The upper end of the lever 1 has a second stud 15 provided therein which spans the outer end of the" `bifurcated end thereof. The short lever 16 is mounted to rocken this second 'stud in the bifurcated end of the lever. This lever' 16 has the jaw 17 formed at the upper end thereof, which jaw forms the complement i Y to the jaw 14 of the lever 6. Near the 'midthe lever l.

kdle'of the lever 16 is formed the cutting jaw 18. This cutting jaw is located opposite the cutting` jaw 19 formed on the upper end of one of the sides of the bifurcated end of lever 6 is adapted to engage rinto the cam groove 20, in which it is adapted to move pas will hereinafter be described. The lever i 724', of which one side is 6 iSalso4 provided witha segmental groove partially cutl away to form the shoulder 25 at the outer end thereof. This shoulder 25 is adapted to make contact with the pin 22 when the levers are disposed as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive; that is, when the jaws 14 and 17 are moved around the fulcrum in the lefthand end of the slots 5.y

On the movement of the levers 1 and 6, the jaw 14, which forms a part of the lever 6, swings thru a predetermined arc either toward or away from the jaw 17 of the lever 16. The jaw 17, in turn, is operated by the levers 1 and 6. The lever 1 moves the jaw in one direction as it swings with the kouter end thereof, to which it is pivoted.

and the lever 6 operates to rock the jaw 17 with the vpin 23 provided on' the lever 6. The latter movement is in the opposite ydirection from that given to the jaw by the lever 1,b"ut is made thru a much smaller arc` on account of the `shorter radius that the lever has in swinging Aon the stud 15. The arc thru which the lever 16 is moved in swinging around the pivot 15 is also concentric to the arc thru which this same lever is moved by the lever' 1y and this'fact, tow gether with the fact that the movement is a much shorter one than that of the jaw 14, brings the two aws together at a predetermined position.

The lmovement of the cutting jaws 18 and 19, carried on the levers 16 and 1, respectively, kis in unison with the movement of vthe jawsf14 and 17 and both pairs of jaws are brought together at the same time, the movement of the cutting jaw 18 being opposite to `that of the cutting aw 19 because of the independent movement of the lever 16 pivoted on the end ofthe lever 1..

When closing the jaws of the pliers, the shoulder 25 provided on the lever 6, moves the pin 22 and in turn the lower end of the lever 16 with it `and in so doing rocks the lever tothe right at the lower end and to the left at the upper end, while the upper' end of the lever 6 itself moves vto the left. The lever 1, which is moved at the same time, in turn moves its upper end to the rightand with it the independently moving lever 16. This movement of the levers as above described, takes place when the pliers are to be closed in order to perform either a cutting or a plying operation and moves the levers from thev position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 1.

Asl pointed out above, the engagement of the shoulder 25 with the pin 22 when the lower end of the lever 6 is moved to the right operates to engage the jaws 17 yand 16 with the'jaws 14 and 19, respectively. The

l movement of the jaws 17 and 18a'way from the jaws '14and 19, respectively, is effected by the engagement of the pin 23 carried by the lever'6 into the cam groove 20 of the lever 16. When the pliers 'are opened an amount sufficient to move them from the loo lll)

moves the lever 16 in one direction and the engagement -of fthe pin 22 with the shoulder 25 moves the lever in the opposite direction,

no `Obstruction being provided for either pin when the lev'ers'are ybeing moved in the d1- rection in which vthe pins 4are not used -to operate on the lever 16. D

The cam groove 20 hasja segmentalfedge formedl opposite tothe straight edge' thereof and when the pivot stud 2 is shifted ,from one end ef the slot fto the otherend thereof, the lever 16 is rocked by this movement and in doing so, brings the pin 23 against the` curved edgel ofthe'cam groove 20. I' At the same time the pin 22, carried on the outer end' of the lever 16, is shifted so that "itmoves inl line ywith the curved slot- 24 on the outside thereof, The position of the' pins 22 and-23 when the fulcrum of the pliers is shifted, is

` such thatA onthe movement of the levers 11V and 6, neither the shoulder 25 northe straightedge of the came'ngages the pins 22 and 23, respectively, becausefthe position cfy thelower'end of the lever 16has been raised so that these pins areadapted to move over the curved path of the cam groove 20 andthe radial slot 24.. l

This is made possible because the slot 5 is slightly angular to thevhorizontal and in shifting thefulcrum of the levers, the ful- Crum is slightly raised and this, in turn, raises the lower end of the lever 16 with'the result above pointed out.

When the jaws are in the extendedposition illustrated in Figs. 5 to 8, inclusive, the lever 16 does not move independently ofthe levers 1 and 6 because the pins 22 and 23 are moved out of engagement with the parts rof the levers 6 and 16 that operate to move this lever on the movement of the lever`6. The relative position ofthe levers 16 and 6 is shown in Fig. Sand it is apparent from an inspection of this figure Ytha-tno obstruction to the movement of the pins 22 and 23 isv formed by either the lever 16 or the lever 6.

I claim:

1. In combination pliers, the combination of a pair of levers, a cutting j aw formed on the outer end of-one of said levers. a clamping j aw formed on the outer end of the other of said levers, a third lever pivoted on the end of one of said levers adjacentto the cutting jaw formed thereon, a cutting jaw and a clamping aw vformed on said third lever and co-operating with said jaws on said pair `of levers, and means to keep said'third lever active or inactive on vthe operation of said pair of levers.

' 2. In combination pliers, the combination of a pair oflevers, onesof said levers being bifurcated, a stud forming the vfulcrum for said pair of levers, spanning the bifurca-m tion of said lever`,thefother of saidlevers being mounted on said 'studf in ,thev `bifurcation of the other of said'levers, said bifurcated end of saidv lever being `slotted at each side to receivethe `heads offsaid stud E'and permit the shifting of said stud therein, the direction of the slotsin the bifurcated end of said lever beingA angular to Iraise orv lower the `fulcrum of one of said levers with relalevers." f n y '31 In combinationpliers,` the combination of a 'pair of levers, a thirdl `levermounteid to rock on one of, said pair 4- of levers, a cam.

-- tion to the Afulcrumfoftheother of said j formed 0nsaid third' lever, japin'carried on f said third lever, means onone of said pair of' levers toengage saidcamand rock said third levert-.in one direction, and means on said same lever'to engage said vpin and move said third lever 'in the other direction.

cfa' pair of levers,v one of'said' levers being being mounted in the' bifurcation of said first lever', a `thirdlever mounted to rockin'the direction' but keep said lever inoperative when moving inthe other direction.

y5. In combination pliers, the combination of a pair of levers, one yof'said levers being bifurcated at the end, the votherjof ksaid, levers beingl mounted in the bifurcation of said first lever, 'a third lever mounted to fr. In `@Umbauaufmplasmare Combination; ,1, l

.9o bifurcated at the end, the'other offsaidf levers rock in the bifurcated end Aof said lever adjacent to said second lever, a cam in said third lever, a pin mounted on said second lever, said pin adapted to engage into said cam and Vmove said third lever in one direction on the movement of said second lever in the same direc-tion but-keep said lever inoperative when moving in the other direction,-`a pin carried v'on ythe end of said third lever, and a shoulder on said second lever adapted to engage said pin,-said shoul-i der being adapted to move said pin and rock 'said lever"l when moving y1n one dlrectionbut move ahead of said pin when moved by said second lever in thejother direction.L l6. In combination plie-rs, the vcombination bifurcation of said yfirst lever, a pivot pin carried on said second lever, and a circular head-provided at each end of said pivot pin, said circular heads kengaging the ySlots' at'eachgside' of the bifurcation of seid first l levers,andforiiiing` bearingsqfor, the first ha-vings oneaendthereo-f bifuroatted,E said bi-ureated end beingI slotted :it each side thereof, ,said -seoond lever mounted in `the bifurcation of saidiirstlever, zL-pivot.y pin carriedjon seid second lever,` e'iroular-head provided at each end' of said pivot pin, said circula-frv heads-engaging, they slotsI at eaeh side ofthe@ bifurcation; of 'said firsty lever and forming ybearings for they first lever` to roolrrthereon. la, thi-lid lever mounted to :rocken the end'iof said first lever betweenr the.-bifuroetion thereof, said third lever-y havingfan angular; extension ontgone side thereod, alpin-Carried onl said extension, means on said vsecond lever, to engage V.seid pin :when movinginone direction, a. cam; on

said third .levergnundmeens on saidysecond lever to engage :said `cemfancl move seid' third Vlever` inthe. other". direction.: v

8.k In Lcombination pliers, Vthe combination ofelfioaiiev of levers,t zu pivot. giri TcarrieclJoy engegingisuid third lever when said :Studis at one end ,of theslot inr said second lever, said .means .beingmoved zout of `engagement With'said; second lever vvhenl saidstudis shifted tothe other endofjsa'id second lever.

9. Infcoinbination pliers., the combination of a` pair oflevers, one oiseid gleversbeing bifurcated at theend, the other of said levers being mounted in thefbiuroationgof-said rst lever," a thirdvfleve1n1o11ntedto,l rock on the end of Y said first-lever lfiljoentto sar-idysecondlever,l and means, to look. said third lever rigidly to seidfiiirst lever-and form a singlelever unit-thereWith.

l0.' In combinationp'liers,fthe combination ofthree-levers, a pair ofulcrum studs,v one ofsaidfuloru-m studs being adapted tube shifted, to ohenge.- the fuloru-m of tivo of said levers. and moveA the second fulorum `pair of levers lare-et: the other` end i of their slidingbomieetion. f

In testimony Whereofilaiximy signature.

ERANK J. KEATIING: 

